Viktor Petrovich Klyushnikov (russian: Клю́шников Ви́ктор Петро́вич, born 22 March 1841, village Leksianovka, Gzhatsk region,

Smolensk Governorate Smolensk Governorate (russian: Смоленская губерния, Smolenskaja gubernija), or the Government of Smolensk, was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR. It ex ...

Imperial Russia The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended th ...

, - 19 November 1892,

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

, Imperial Russia) was a Russian writer,

editor Editing is the process of selecting and preparing written, photographic, visual, audible, or cinematic material used by a person or an entity to convey a message or information. The editing process can involve correction, condensation, orga ...

and

journalist A journalist is an individual that collects/gathers information in form of text, audio, or pictures, processes them into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalism ...

, whose debut novel, ''Marevo'' (Марево, Haze, ''

Russky Vestnik The ''Russian Messenger'' or ''Russian Herald'' (russian: Ру́сский ве́стник ''Russkiy Vestnik'', Pre-reform Russian: Русскій Вѣстникъ ''Russkiy Vestnik'') has been the title of three notable magazines published in ...

'', 1864), was considered by contemporary Russian critics to be one of the four 'great anti-

nihilist Nihilism (; ) is a philosophy, or family of views within philosophy, that rejects generally accepted or fundamental aspects of human existence, such as objective truth, knowledge, morality, values, or meaning. The term was popularized by Ivan ...

' novels of the time, alongside ''Troubled Seas'' by

Alexey Pisemsky Aleksey Feofilaktovich Pisemsky (russian: Алексе́й Феофила́ктович Пи́семский) () was a Russian novelist and dramatist who was regarded as an equal of Ivan Turgenev and Fyodor Dostoyevsky in the late 1850s, but who ...

, '' No Way Out'' by

Nikolai Leskov Nikolai Semyonovich Leskov (russian: Никола́й Семёнович Леско́в; – ) was a Russian novelist, short-story writer, playwright, and journalist, who also wrote under the pseudonym M. Stebnitsky. Praised for his unique w ...

and ''

Demons A demon is a malevolent supernatural entity. Historically, belief in demons, or stories about demons, occurs in religion, occultism, literature, fiction, mythology, and folklore; as well as in media such as comics, video games, movies, anime, ...

'' by

Fyodor Dostoyevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (, ; rus, Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский, Fyódor Mikháylovich Dostoyévskiy, p=ˈfʲɵdər mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ dəstɐˈjefskʲɪj, a=ru-Dostoevsky.ogg, links=yes; 11 November 18219 ...

. Both

Ivan Turgenev Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev (; rus, links=no, Ива́н Серге́евич Турге́невIn Turgenev's day, his name was written ., p=ɪˈvan sʲɪrˈɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ tʊrˈɡʲenʲɪf; 9 November 1818 – 3 September 1883 (Old Style dat ...

and Alexey K. Tolstoy reacted positively, hailing the arrival of the original, even if erratic literary talent, "who as playingwith his gift in acrobatic fashion," according to Tolstoy. None of Klyushnikov's later works, among them ''Bolshiye korabli'' (Большие корабли, Big Ships, 1866), ''Tsygane'' (Цыгане, Gypsies, 1869), ''Drugaya zhizn'' (Другая жизнь, Another Life, 1865), ''Pri Petre'' (При Петре, In the Times of Peter the Great, 1872, co-authored by

Vasily Kelsiyev Vasily Ivanovich Kelsiyev (russian: Васи́лий Ива́нович Ке́льсиев; 28 June 1835 — 16 October 1872) was a Russian journalist, ethnographer. historian, translator and political activist, close associate of Alexander Hertze ...

), ''Semya volnodumtsev'' (Семья вольнодумцев, Free-Thinkers' Family, 1872, co-authored by

Pyotr Petrov Pyotr Nikolayevich Petrov (russian: Пётр Николаевич Петров, 1 July 1827, Saint Petersburg, Imperial Russia, – 10 April 1891, Saint Petersburg, Imperial Russia) was a Russian literature, Russian writer, arts historian and crit ...

), ''Gosudar-otrok'' (Государь-отрок, The Young Tsar, 1880), have come even close to repeating the success of his debut. According to the modern literary historian O. Mayorova, Klyushnikov was continuously dogged by financial troubles which might have accounted for the fact that most of his novels and novelets, bear the mark of utter haste, boasting stilted characters and improbable twists of plots. The critic lauded, though, his fine, lively language and occasionally brilliant observations of the real life. In retrospect, she argued, Klyushnikov's major achievement was his work (in 1870-1876, then 1887-1892) as the editor-in-chief of the popular and influential '' Niva'' magazine, to which he devoted himself totally. He also published his own ''Krugozor'' magazine (1876-1878) which proved to be financial disaster, and edited the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Science between 1877 and 1886.

Boris Glinsky Boris Borisovich Glinsky (russian: Бори′с Бори′сович Гли′нский, 12 October 1860, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, – 30 November 1917, Petrograd, Soviet Russia The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ru ...

Клюшников, Виктор Петрович
at the

Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary The ''Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopaedic Dictionary'' (Russian: Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона, abbr. ЭСБЕ, tr. ; 35 volumes, small; 86 volumes, large) is a comprehensive multi-volume ...

. Vol. XV, p. 446

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Klyushnikov, Viktor 1841 births 1892 deaths People from Gzhatsky Uyezd Russian writers Russian critics Journalists from the Russian Empire Russian male journalists Male writers from the Russian Empire Russian editors Imperial Moscow University alumni